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Mapping of the vegetation development of herbaceous cover in mountain spruce forests in the Giant Mountains with using GIS.
ČIHÁK, Jan
Mountain forests are an important part of the landscape in our country. In the last three decades they were seriously damaged by anthropogenic influence, especially immissions. The immissions make worse the health status of forests, which cause changes in a structure of flora, in which the health status of forests is reflected. The main goals of my work were to map the cover of herbal and mossy layers in two permanent research plots in the Giant Mountains ( Alžbětinka, Modrý důl), to create maps of herbaceous cover and to digitize them and to compare these maps with the extent in years 1993-1994 by using a developing analysis in GIS. Detailed vegetation maps of the both permanent research plots by whose processing (by digitizing and static evaluation) some important changes were found out in dominant soil cover categories were the main outputs of the work. In the first research plot Alžbětinka, decline of the grass Calamagrostis villosa and increasing of Vaccinium myrtillus cover were evident. In the second research plot Modrý důl, decline of both investigated species, Avenella flexuosa and Calamagrostis villosa, was observed .
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Distribution of invasive neophytes in the riparian vegetation of the Berounka river
Randová, Nela ; Matějček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Romportl, Dušan (referee)
The river banks are very often colonized by invasive alien plants. The aim of this paper was to monitor the presence of invasive neophytes in riparian vegetation of the Berounka river and to compare the results with those of Boháčková (2007) from the year 2006. The research was completed during August in the year 2015. In every segment of the riparian vegetation were observed the presence and approximate population of seventeen invasive neophytes. In the riparian vegetation of the Berounka river were observed thirteen invasive neophytes on the whole. Impatiens glandulifera occured in the largest number of the segments, very closely followed by Robinia pseudacacia. Reynoutria sp. represented the largest population of individuals in the entire study area. The results of the comparison showed that the invasive neophytes are spreading to new locations but their population is not getting bigger. Key words: invasive neophytes, riparian vegetation, stream, changes in vegetation, monitoring of vegetation
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The spread of invasive neophytes in the riparian vegetation of the Úpa River
Tomeš, Miroslav ; Matějček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Flašarová, Kristýna (referee)
The presented bachelor thesis deals with the distribution of invasive neophytes in the riparian vegetation of the East Bohemian river Úpa and compares the findings with other streams. In the practical part, in the summer of 2020, the occurrence and abundance of 17 selected taxa of invasive neophytes in segments with a length of 500 m are monitored, for statistical evaluation merged into sections 2-3.5 km long. In almost 60 km of vegetation (in the sum of both banks) there are 7 taxa of invasive neophytes with different degrees of representation. Unequivocally dominant is in terms of the absolute number and share of occupied segments the taxon Impatiens parviflora occurring in almost the entire mapped area. Reynoutria sp., I. glandulifera and Solidago sp., which are concentrated in certain localities, can also be mentioned as numerous taxa. All segments are invaded. A more significant invasion process is taking place on the right bank of the river. In the Czech context, Úpa is one of the more invasively loaded streams. Keywords: invasive neophyte, riparian vegetation, the Úpa River, stream, monitoring of vegetation
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Deep learning for tree line ecotone mapping from remote sensing data
Dvořák, Jakub ; Potůčková, Markéta (advisor) ; Lefèvre, Sébastien (referee)
Deep learning is growing in popularity in the remote sensing community, especially as a classification algorithm. First part of this thesis describes deep neural networks commonly used for remote sensing classification and their various applications. Capabilities of selected geospatial software suites in relation to deep models are also discussed in this part. Theoretical findings from the first part of the thesis are validated using two deep convolutional Encoder-Decoder networks - U-Net and its proposed adaptation called KrakonosNet. They are used to perform a sematic segmentation of spruce trees and dwarf pine shrubs in the tree line ecotone of the Krkonoše Mountains, Czechia. A normalised digital surface model is employed for creation of sufficiently large amount of training data, while the classification itself is performed using only optical imagery with very high spatial resolution. Resulting classification is compared to a set of traditional remote sensing classifiers, namely Maximum Likelihood, Random Forest, and a Support Vector Machine. Both U-Net and KrakonosNet significantly outperform the other classifiers on this dataset and will be consequently used in a related research project. Key words deep learning, U-Net, Krkonoše mountains, classification, vegetation mapping, picea abies,...
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The spread of invasive neophytes in the riparian vegetation of the Lužnice River
Eliášová, Kateřina ; Matějček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hrdina, Aleš (referee)
This thesis studies the spread of invasive neophytes along the South Bohemian Lužnice River. The literature search deals with plant invasions, floodplains and the area of interest. The riparian vegetation along the Lužnice River was mapped with emphasis on 17 taxons of invasive neophytes. The mapping was realized in four sections that were 3-5 km long. The results are compared with the state ascertained by monitoring in the same location in 2008. The results indicate a general increase of invasions and an intensive spread of Impatiens parviflora since the previous mapping. Generally widespread invasive taxa in the studied area are Impatiens parviflora and Impatiens glandulifera of the herbaceous plants. The occurence of Robinia pseudacacia of the woody plants is also common. Other observed taxa occur only locally or in smaller amounts. Keywords: IAS, riparian vegetation, plant invasion, vegetation mapping, watercourse, vegetation change
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Distribution of invasive neophytes in the riparian vegetation of the Berounka river
Randová, Nela ; Matějček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Romportl, Dušan (referee)
The river banks are very often colonized by invasive alien plants. The aim of this paper was to monitor the presence of invasive neophytes in riparian vegetation of the Berounka river and to compare the results with those of Boháčková (2007) from the year 2006. The research was completed during August in the year 2015. In every segment of the riparian vegetation were observed the presence and approximate population of seventeen invasive neophytes. In the riparian vegetation of the Berounka river were observed thirteen invasive neophytes on the whole. Impatiens glandulifera occured in the largest number of the segments, very closely followed by Robinia pseudacacia. Reynoutria sp. represented the largest population of individuals in the entire study area. The results of the comparison showed that the invasive neophytes are spreading to new locations but their population is not getting bigger. Key words: invasive neophytes, riparian vegetation, stream, changes in vegetation, monitoring of vegetation
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Populační dynamika ruderálních druhů ve vztahu k limitujícím podmínkám prostředí
Modrý, Martin ; Tenčík, Aleš ; Hofmeister, Jeňýk ; Hošek, Jan
Hlavním cílem projektu je identifikace a ocenění významu hlavních podmínek pro rozvoj expanzních druhů rostlin náročných na živiny v lesní vegetaci. Téma je rozděleno do dílčích částí: a) analýza vegetace modelových ploch a její interpretace zaměřená na expanzní druhy, ustupující druhy, indikačně významné druhy, b) stanovení zásoby živých semen v půdě (analýza semenné banky), c) analýza intenzity deště semen, d) stanovení obsahu hlavních živin a organického uhlíku v půdě, event. pomocných půdních charakteristik, e) popis světelných poměrů stanoviště, především kvantifikace celkového světelného požitku a spektrálních poměrů významných pro klíčení semen, f) popis významných spolupůsobících faktorů (vlhkostní poměry, poměry řídící akumulaci opadu, mikro a mezomorfologie stanoviště, spouštěcí faktorys - mechanické disturbance apod.), g) formulace zásad hospodaření podporující zachování biodiverzity na vybraných lokalitách.
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Úroveň obsahu těžkých kovů v kompostech ve vztahu ke znečištění půdy a odstraněné biomasy z pražské veřejné zeleně
Výzkumný ústav okrasného zahradnictví, Průhonice ; Mikovcová, Ludmila ; Janová, Helena ; Černá, Hana ; Buňatová, Helena ; Suchara, Ivan ; Sucharová, Julie
Zpráva stručně informuje o úrovních znečištění vegetace městských vegetačních ploch a jejich půdních pokryvů, o režimu údržby ploch zeleně a o firmách, které smluvně zajišťují údržbu vegetačních ploch v jednotlivých městských obvodech Prahy. Jsou uvedeny výsledky měření koncentrací arzenu, kadmia, chromu, mědi, niklu, olova, vanadu a zinku, které byly zjištěny ve vzorcích ukládaného listí a v jejich produktech rozkladu na skládkách v různých částech Prahy. Výsledky ukázaly, že při současném způsobu likvidace odpadů z ploch pražské zeleně vznikají samovolným procesem rozkladu substráty, které v 90 % vyšetřovaných vzorků překračují povolené limity pro různé stupně jakosti kompostu. Je navrhováno, aby odpady z pražské zeleně byly ukládány na skládce nebo skládkách s řízenou technologií kompostování jednotlivých odpadů (surovin), s kontrolovanou kvalitou vznikajícího kompostu a užití produktu by mělo být regulováno dle norem.
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